AKAP12
- Aliases
-
- A-kinase anchor protein 12
- A-kinase anchor protein 250 kDa
- AKAP12
- AKAP250
- Gravin
- Myasthenia gravis autoantigen
- Description
- AKAP12 is a member of the A-kinase anchor protein (AKAP) family, a group of structurally diverse proteins which have the common function of binding to the regulatory subunit of protein kinase A (PKA) and confining the holoenzyme to discrete locations within the cell. AKAP12 is expressed in endothelial cells, cultured fibroblasts, and osteosarcoma cells. It associates with protein kinases A and C and phosphatase, and serves as a scaffold protein in signal transduction. This protein and RII PKA colocalize at the cell periphery. AKAP12 is a cell growth-related protein. Antibodies to this protein can be produced by patients with myasthenia gravis. Alternative splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants encoding different isoforms.
Attributes
- QA State
- Accepted
- Type
- Genomic
- HGNC Name
- AKAP12
- Certifications
-
- None
- QA State for Esophagus
- Accepted
Organ-Specific Notes
Esophageal adenocarcinoma risk in Barrett's esophagus is increased 30- to 125- fold versus the general population. Among all Barrett's esophagus patients neoplastic progression occurs only once per 200 patient-years. Molecular markers (individual or in panel) would be useful to risk-stratify patients for more efficient surveillance endoscopy and to improve the early detection of progression.
Performance Comment
Promoter hypermethylation of AKAP12 occurs early during Barrett's-associated esophageal neoplastic progression. Studies investigating potential use of this protein as a biomarker are ongoing.
Supporting Study Data
Barretts Esophagus Methylation Profiles
Study phase on the esophagus: 3
We propose a nested case-control study of biomarkers in the setting of BE. By bringing together research institutions with large populations of patients with BE, we will perform a multi-center study of FISH and hypermethylation markers as possible prognostic factors in BE. The centers will select from their cohorts who have progressed to HGD or to adenocarcinoma of the esophagus ("progressors"), and who also donated samples prior to the development of cancer, when their histology was felt to be benign. These subjects will be compared to individuals who have been under endoscopic surveillance, but who have not progressed to HGD or EAC ("non-progressors"). Using this approach, we hope to identify promising markers for risk stratification in BE. We expect to be able to make successful application for a prospective study of markers identified in this case-control study.
View ProtocolDecision rule: PMID:18199717
Barretts Esophagus Methylation Profiles
Study phase on the esophagus: 3
We propose a nested case-control study of biomarkers in the setting of BE. By bringing together research institutions with large populations of patients with BE, we will perform a multi-center study of FISH and hypermethylation markers as possible prognostic factors in BE. The centers will select from their cohorts who have progressed to HGD or to adenocarcinoma of the esophagus ("progressors"), and who also donated samples prior to the development of cancer, when their histology was felt to be benign. These subjects will be compared to individuals who have been under endoscopic surveillance, but who have not progressed to HGD or EAC ("non-progressors"). Using this approach, we hope to identify promising markers for risk stratification in BE. We expect to be able to make successful application for a prospective study of markers identified in this case-control study.
View ProtocolDecision rule: PMID:18199717
Esophagus-Specific Protocols
- No organ-level protocols specified for esophagus.
Esophagus-Specific Publications
- No organ-level publications were listed for esophagus.
Esophagus-Specific Resources
- No organ-level resources were given for esophagus.
- A genome-wide search identifies epigenetic silencing of somatostatin, tachykinin-1, and 5 other genes in colon cancer.
- A multicenter, double-blinded validation study of methylation biomarkers for progression prediction in Barrett's esophagus.
- AKAP12/Gravin is inactivated by epigenetic mechanism in human gastric carcinoma and shows growth suppressor activity.
- Hypermethylation of the AKAP12 promoter is a biomarker of Barrett's-associated esophageal neoplastic progression.
- Three-tiered risk stratification model to predict progression in Barrett's esophagus using epigenetic and clinical features.