HE4
- Aliases
-
- EDDM4
- Epididymal secretory protein E4
- HE4
- Major epididymis-specific protein E4
- Putative protease inhibitor WAP5
- WAP domain containing protein HE4-V4
- WAP four-disulfide core domain 2
- WAP four-disulfide core domain 2 [Precursor]
- WAP5
- WFDC2
- dJ461P17.6
- epididymal protein 4
- epididymis-specific, whey-acidic protein type, four-disulfide core
- Description
- 11 kDa protein that is a precursor to the epididymal secretory protein HE4; an inhibitor of an as yet unidentified protease. Highly expressed in a number of tumors cells lines, such ovarian, colon, breast, lung and renal cells lines.
Attributes
- QA State
- Accepted
- Type
- Protein
- HGNC Name
- WFDC2
- Certifications
-
- None
- QA State for Ovary
- Accepted
Organ-Specific Notes
Selected for study because of upregulation (mRNA) and overexpression (protein) studies in ovarian cancer.
Performance Comment
Of the 28 ovarian cancer biomarkers tested in prediagnostic specimens, from the PLCO, CA125 remains the the single best biomarker for ovarian cancer and has its strongest signal within six months of diagnosis. HE4 alone was not a strong predictor. In 2009 HE4 was FDA approved to monitor for ovarian cancer recurrence, but not for early detection.
Supporting Study Data
PLCO Ovarian Phase III Validation Study
SPORE/EDRN/PRE-PLCO Ovarian Phase II Validation Study
Validation of Early Detection Ovarian Cancer Biomarkers (Team Project)
Study phase on the ovary: 2
Early detection of Ovarian Cancer (OC) is one of the key clinical problems in this disease. We propose a team EDRN project to address the issue of early detection of OC by performing a validation study on candidate protein markers already identified in previous EDRN research or in the literature (e.g. protein products of TCGA identified mutations specific to ovarian cancer). (See appendix for full listing) Biospecimen sources have been identified which include samples obtained at diagnosis and matched controls (Urban, Godwin, Marks, Skates), and longitudinal samples obtained prior to diagnosis (Urban, Skates, Godwin). Bioinformatic filters will be applied to rank the candidates (Diamandis). In order of ranking, candidate proteins for which high quality antibodies are available will be measured by development of ELISAs at JHU (Chan/Zhang) or through NAPPA at DFCI (Anderson/LaBaer), while for other candidates mass spectrometry based selective reaction monitoring (SRM) assays will be developed at PNNL (Rodland). Three milestones are defined. The first two milestones are to assemble the necessary specimens and to develop the qualifying assay(s). The final milestone is to estimate the markers’ sensitivity one year prior to diagnosis at a given high specificity.
View ProtocolDecision rule: No decision rule specified.
Ovary-Specific Protocols
- No organ-level protocols specified for ovary.
Ovary-Specific Publications
- No organ-level publications were listed for ovary.
Ovary-Specific Resources
- No organ-level resources were given for ovary.
- A framework for evaluating biomarkers for early detection: validation of biomarker panels for ovarian cancer.
- Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is a secreted glycoprotein that is overexpressed by serous and endometrioid ovarian carcinomas.
- Lung cancer signatures in plasma based on proteome profiling of mouse tumor models.
- Novel surface targets and serum biomarkers from the ovarian cancer vasculature.
- Ovarian cancer biomarker performance in prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancer screening trial specimens.
- The state of molecular biomarkers for the early detection of lung cancer.
- HGNC entry 15939 for WAP four-disulfide core domain 2, also called WFDC2, HE4, WAP5
- Human Protein Atlas entry for human WFDC2 (HE4)
- KEGG entry 10406 for WAP four-disulfide core domain 2
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entry Q14508 for WFDC2_HUMAN, WAP four-disulfide core domain protein 2 [Precursor] also called HE4, WAP5