TAC1

Aliases
  • NKNA
  • NPK
  • PPT
  • Protachykinin-1
  • TAC1
  • TAC2
  • TKN1
  • neurokinin 1
  • neurokinin 2
  • neurokinin alpha
  • neuromedin L
  • neuropeptide K
  • neuropeptide gamma
  • substance K
  • substance P
  • tachykinin
  • tachykinin, precursor 1
  • tachykinin-1
Description
The tachykinin gene encodes four products of the tachykinin peptide hormone family, substance P and neurokinin A, as well as the related peptides, neuropeptide K and neuropeptide gamma. These active peptides are thought to function as neurotransmitters which interact with nerve receptors and smooth muscle cells. They are known to induce behavioral responses and function as vasodilators and secretagogues, and contract (directly or indirectly) many smooth muscles. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Attributes
QA State
Accepted
Type
Genomic
HGNC Name
TAC1
Certifications
  • None
QA State for Esophagus
Accepted
Organ-Specific Notes

Esophageal adenocarcinoma risk in Barrett's esophagus is increased 30- to 125- fold versus the general population. Among all Barrett's esophagus patients neoplastic progression occurs only once per 200 patient-years. Molecular markers (individual or in panel) would be useful to risk-stratify patients for more efficient surveillance endoscopy and to improve the early detection of progression.

Performance Comment

Promoter hypermethylation of TAC1 occurs early in both major types of human esophageal carcinoma, and is a potential biomarker of poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Studies are ongoing.

Supporting Study Data
Barretts Esophagus Methylation Profiles
Study phase on the esophagus: 3

We propose a nested case-control study of biomarkers in the setting of BE. By bringing together research institutions with large populations of patients with BE, we will perform a multi-center study of FISH and hypermethylation markers as possible prognostic factors in BE. The centers will select from their cohorts who have progressed to HGD or to adenocarcinoma of the esophagus ("progressors"), and who also donated samples prior to the development of cancer, when their histology was felt to be benign. These subjects will be compared to individuals who have been under endoscopic surveillance, but who have not progressed to HGD or EAC ("non-progressors"). Using this approach, we hope to identify promising markers for risk stratification in BE. We expect to be able to make successful application for a prospective study of markers identified in this case-control study.

View Protocol
Decision rule: PMID:17975140
Barretts Esophagus Methylation Profiles
Study phase on the esophagus: 3

We propose a nested case-control study of biomarkers in the setting of BE. By bringing together research institutions with large populations of patients with BE, we will perform a multi-center study of FISH and hypermethylation markers as possible prognostic factors in BE. The centers will select from their cohorts who have progressed to HGD or to adenocarcinoma of the esophagus ("progressors"), and who also donated samples prior to the development of cancer, when their histology was felt to be benign. These subjects will be compared to individuals who have been under endoscopic surveillance, but who have not progressed to HGD or EAC ("non-progressors"). Using this approach, we hope to identify promising markers for risk stratification in BE. We expect to be able to make successful application for a prospective study of markers identified in this case-control study.

View Protocol
Decision rule: PMID:17975140
Esophagus-Specific Protocols
  • No organ-level protocols specified for esophagus.
Esophagus-Specific Publications
  • No organ-level publications were listed for esophagus.
Esophagus-Specific Resources
  • No organ-level resources were given for esophagus.